Functionality and Characteristics of Mung Bean Protein
Explore potent mung bean protein benefits – antioxidants, immune boost, and blood pressure control. Elevate health naturally with mung bean peptides.
Background and Overview:
Mung beans, classified under the legume family and subfamily Papilionoideae, are a dicotyledonous plant renowned for their medicinal and nutritional properties, often referred to as the “elixir of life in food.” They exhibit notable effects such as heat-clearing and detoxification, anti-inflammatory and anti-swelling properties, heat dispelling and diuretic effects, as well as liver protection and vision enhancement. Mung beans contain various crucial bioactive components, including mung bean polysaccharides, tannins, alkaloids, and plant sterols. Recent research on mung beans has primarily focused on mung bean polysaccharides and small-molecule active substances. With the rapid advancement of protein research and the increasing demand for plant-based proteins, mung bean protein and its peptides have gained attention from scholars worldwide. Studies indicate that mung bean protein and its peptides possess physiological effects such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, antiviral, and blood pressure and lipid reduction. As protein research, particularly in proteomics, progresses, scholars have discovered that when the human body ingests protein, most of it is absorbed and utilized in the form of oligopeptides, with only a small fraction absorbed as free amino acids. Some oligopeptides exhibit unique physiological functions, such as regulating human physiological functions and preventing diseases. Therefore, research on mung bean protein and its peptides holds significant market prospects in both medicinal and healthcare domains.
Functional Activities:
- Antioxidant Properties
Mung bean protein and peptides demonstrate robust antioxidant properties. Enzymatic extraction of mung bean protein, followed by in vitro antioxidant activity assays, revealed not only high antioxidant activity but also skin-whitening effects. A comparative analysis indicates that the antioxidant activity of mung bean peptides surpasses that of mung bean protein. This discrepancy may stem from the dense structure of mung bean protein hindering reactions with free radicals, whereas enzymatically hydrolyzed mung bean peptides expose amino acid side chains, thereby increasing their reactivity. In constructing various free radical systems in vitro and measuring the clearance rate and total reducing power of mung bean peptides, it was found that they exhibit strong antioxidant activity, surpassing Vitamin C (VC) and rivaling butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Evaluation of light free radical clearance rates revealed that mung bean peptides achieved a rate of 70.51%, significantly higher than soybean peptides (65.37%), tilapia collagen peptides (approximately 45%), and rice protein peptides (35.41%). Sprouted mung beans exhibit stronger antioxidant activity compared to dried mung beans. Further research indicates that sprouted mung beans after 8 days have antioxidant activity more than six times that of non-sprouted mung beans. Both mung beans and mung bean protein inherently possess high antioxidant capabilities, which can be further enhanced through enzymatic hydrolysis. - Immunomodulation
Mung beans, a dual-purpose medicinal and dietary grain, contribute to enhancing human immunity due to their rich content of bioactive substances such as saponins and alkaloids. Recent studies reveal that mung bean protein and peptides play a crucial role in improving human immunity and increasing physical fitness. Mung bean lectin, purified through ion exchange chromatography, exhibits potent antifungal activity. Mung bean peptides significantly prolong the survival time of mice under normobaric hypoxia and nitrite poisoning. They enhance mouse lymphocyte proliferation, spleen antibody-producing cell count, hemolysis value, and macrophage phagocytic ability, thereby improving mouse immune function. Feeding mice with a sports drink containing mung bean peptides increases liver glycogen and inhibits blood lactate accumulation, demonstrating the ability of mung bean peptides to enhance immunity in both animals and humans. - Blood Pressure Reduction
With the improvement in living standards, lifestyle-related diseases, especially hypertension, have attracted widespread attention. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) can convert angiotensin I into angiotensin II, the latter causing peripheral blood vessel constriction and elevated blood pressure. If not timely and effectively controlled, important life organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys may suffer fatal blows, leading to severe complications. Research indicates that mung bean protein has a significant antihypertensive effect. Over the past few years, extensive studies on bioactive peptides, such as soy peptides, rice peptides, and collagen peptides, have confirmed their ACE inhibitory activity. Numerous studies now suggest that mung bean peptides can significantly inhibit the activity of ACE. Compared to peanut and rice protein isolates, mung bean protein hydrolysate exhibits a strong antihypertensive effect.
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In conclusion, the multifaceted benefits of mung bean protein and its peptides, encompassing antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antihypertensive properties, underscore their potential applications in both pharmaceutical and health-promoting industries.