Keywords

Gestational Diabetes, Dietary Protein, Maternal Nutrition

Abstract

Objective To explore the relationship between cumulative average dietary protein intake in the first trimester, first trimester, and second trimester and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A prospective cohort study method was used to select 2 579 pregnant women aged 22 to 43 who received regular prenatal check-ups in 5 maternal and child health hospitals in Sichuan and Guizhou provinces in 2014. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect the dietary status of pregnant women in the first trimester (1 year before pregnancy), first trimester (0 to 11+6 weeks of gestation), and second trimester (12+0 to 23+6 weeks of gestation); at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is performed to screen pregnant women for GDM. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between dietary protein intake and GDM. Results: The risk of GDM in the group with the highest energy supply ratio of total protein and plant protein was 2.51 and 3.03 times that of the lowest group, and the OR values (95%CI) were 2.51 (1.50-4.28) and 3.03 (1.84-5.09) respectively. The risk of GDM in the group with the highest protein energy supply ratio of eggs and milk was 1.82 and 2.46 times that of the lowest group, and the OR values (95%CI) were 1.82 (1.10-3.05) and 2.46 (1.51-4.05) respectively. . Conclusion Higher dietary intake of total protein and plant protein in early pregnancy, early pregnancy, and second trimester may be related to an increased risk of GDM. In particular, higher intake of eggs and milk may increase GDM. risk of occurrence.

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Original research done by Liang Yi, Xue Hongmei, Li Danting, Chen Mengxue, Zhang Xiao, Guo Guo, Yang Dagang, Yang Wenyan, Liu Ying, Gong Yunhui

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