Rice Peptides: Nutritional and Health Functions
Explore the nutritional and health benefits of rice peptides, including easy digestion, immune regulation, and applications in functional foods and supplements.
Key words: Rice protein, Rice peptide, Decolorization, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Debittering
Introduction to Peptides
Peptides, compounds formed by amino acids linked by peptide bonds, play a crucial role in various physiological functions within the human body. Ranging from oligopeptides, made up of 2 to 10 amino acids, to polypeptides consisting of up to 100 amino acids, peptides are essential for regulating numerous bodily functions. Unlike proteins, peptides boast unique properties, such as easier digestion and absorption, high biological activity, and the ability to act as messengers in signal transduction related to neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and hormones. Their small molecular weight facilitates synthetic production, making them invaluable in both physiological regulation and nutrition.
Nutritional and Health Benefits of Rice Peptides
Derived from rice protein through enzymatic hydrolysis, rice peptides contain a mix of peptides and minor amounts of free amino acids, sugars, and inorganic salts. This composition makes them highly applicable in various food products, including health and nutritional foods. Rice peptides offer low allergenicity, easy digestibility, and a balanced amino acid composition that mirrors human requirements closely, ensuring a high nutritional value. They exhibit various health benefits, such as immune regulation, blood pressure reduction, cholesterol management, and antioxidative effects. The presence of biologically active peptides in rice peptides contributes significantly to these functions, potentially impacting all physiological activities in the human body.
Applications of Rice Peptides
The advancement in biotechnological methods and the increasing demand for functional foods have expanded the use of peptides in the food industry. Rice peptides can improve food quality and flavor while adding functionality. Their low viscosity, good moisture absorption and retention, strong antioxidative properties, and suitability for various food applications, including beverages, bakery products, sauces, and dietary supplements, highlight their versatility. Furthermore, rice peptides are an excellent plant protein source for infant formula, offering a safe alternative for children with food allergies and enhancing nutrition absorption and growth.
Current Research and Market Prospects
The discovery of rice peptides’ functions has garnered attention worldwide, leading to significant research on their physiological benefits and industrial applications. Despite a late start in functional peptide research in China, advancements have been made in extracting and applying rice peptides, focusing on optimizing hydrolysis processes for industrial production. The market demand for rice peptides is substantial, given their low allergenicity and balanced amino acid composition. As research progresses, rice peptides are poised for broader application in the food industry, medical field, and beyond, indicating a promising market outlook.
In summary, rice peptides stand out for their nutritional value, health benefits, and wide-ranging applications. As research and technology continue to evolve, the potential for rice peptides in enhancing human health and wellbeing is immense, making them a vital component of future food and healthcare innovations.
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Original author: Lu Zhijia (Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457)
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