Innovative method using microwave plasma torch for rapid, sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1 in rice, enhancing food safety and quality monitoring.

Using a microwave plasma torch (MPT) as the ionization source, a direct mass spectrometry method for rapid determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rice was established without sample pretreatment. In the positive ion detection mode, quantitative analysis was performed based on the characteristic mass spectrum ion (m/z 285) of aflatoxin B1. The results show that aflatoxin B1 has a good linear relationship in the range of 0.5~20 ¦Ìg/L, the correlation coefficient (r2) is 0.999 4, and the method detection limit is 0.12 ¦Ìg/kg. Direct detection of aflatoxin B1 in complex matrix rice, the average recovery rate is 95.8%~107.2%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD, n=9) is 2.2%~10.1%; this method is compared with principal component analysis (PCA) Combined, it can accurately identify whether rice is moldy. This method has fast analysis speed and high sensitivity, and is suitable for rapid and high-throughput screening of moldy rice. It is expected to be used in fields such as grain, oil, animal and plant food quality monitoring

Introduction to a Revolutionary AFB1 Detection Method

In recent advancements in analytical chemistry, a groundbreaking approach has been developed for the rapid determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in rice utilizing a microwave plasma torch (MPT) as the ionization source. This innovative method, notable for its omission of sample pretreatment, stands as a significant stride towards enhancing food safety and quality control in the agricultural sector.

The Health Risks of Aflatoxin B1 and the Need for Advanced Detection

Aflatoxin B1, a potent mycotoxin produced by certain strains of the Aspergillus fungus, poses a significant health risk, being classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Its presence in food commodities, especially in staple grains like rice, necessitates rigorous monitoring to safeguard public health. Traditional methods for detecting AFB1 often involve complex sample preparation steps, including extraction and purification, which are time-consuming and may introduce analytical errors.

Technical Insights into the MPT-Based Detection Method

The novel method employing MPT technology capitalizes on the direct mass spectrometry analysis in the positive ion detection mode, specifically targeting the characteristic mass spectrum ion (m/z 285) of AFB1. The method demonstrates a remarkable linear response to AFB1 concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 20 µg/L, with a correlation coefficient (r^2) of 0.9994, showcasing its precision and reliability. Furthermore, the detection limit of the method is impressively low at 0.12 µg/kg, indicating its high sensitivity.

Superior Accuracy and Sensitivity in Complex Food Matrices

Application of this method to rice samples, a complex matrix, yields an average recovery rate of 95.8% to 107.2%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ranging from 2.2% to 10.1% across nine measurements. This level of accuracy and repeatability highlights the method’s robustness against matrix complexities typically associated with food samples.

Enhanced Diagnostic Utility through Combined Analytical Approaches

Moreover, when combined with principal component analysis (PCA), this method not only quantifies aflatoxin B1 but also effectively discriminates between moldy and non-moldy rice samples. This dual capability enhances its utility as a diagnostic tool, providing both qualitative and quantitative insights into food quality.

Implications for Rapid Screening in Food Quality Monitoring

The method’s rapid analysis speed and high sensitivity make it an ideal candidate for rapid and high-throughput screening applications. Its potential for broader adoption in quality monitoring processes for grains, oils, and both animal and plant-derived food products is substantial. The ability to quickly and accurately assess the safety and quality of food products offers a proactive approach to managing health risks associated with aflatoxin exposure.

Conclusion: Advancing Food Safety with MPT Technology

In conclusion, the development of a direct mass spectrometry method using a microwave plasma torch for the detection of aflatoxin B1 in rice represents a significant technological advancement. Its fast, sensitive, and highly accurate performance, coupled with the elimination of sample pretreatment, positions it as a promising tool for the food industry and regulatory agencies. This method not only enhances the efficiency of aflatoxin monitoring but also contributes to the ongoing efforts to ensure food safety and protect public health.

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Original research was done by Zhu Zhiqiang, Li Yun, Yang Pingping, Xiao Saijin, Jiang Tao, Zhao Xiaojing

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