The Pinnacle of Antioxidation: Ergothioneine
Explore the benefits of Ergothioneine, a potent antioxidant used in skincare, offering cellular protection and anti-aging properties at premium costs.
Antioxidants are generally affordable and widely used, supported by an abundance of clinical data. Commonly recommended are Vitamin C and its derivatives for their effectiveness and affordability.
Ergothioneine (EGT), an amino acid, is a premium option often utilized by prestigious companies like Estée Lauder. However, due to its high cost—often reaching hundreds of thousands per kilogram—the number of brands that use EGT, such as Elizabeth Arden and Pechoin, remains limited. Nevertheless, the theoretical evidence supporting the benefits of EGT is substantial, although direct clinical evidence is less abundant.
Many consultancy reports regard ergothioneine as a next-generation ingredient with explosive potential. Let us watch and see how it develops.
Here are the key points to note:
- Ergothioneine is a naturally occurring amino acid in the human body. Like vitamin C, it cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through diet. As one ages, the natural concentration of ergothioneine in the body diminishes.
- Ergothioneine is concentrated in areas of high oxidative stress and inflammatory response, such as the liver, kidneys, and red blood cells, where it plays a crucial role in cellular protection.
- In 2016, ergothioneine was declared safe by the European Food Safety Authority and is recommended as a dietary supplement at doses of 30 mg/day for adults and 20 mg/day for children.
- Biotechnological fermentation is a major production method for EGT. While it is not inexpensive, the quality of raw materials produced by leading companies like HuaXi Bio is assured.
Ergothioneine, a natural thione derivative of histidine, exists primarily in two interconvertible forms in biological contexts:
the thiol and the thione form. At physiological pH, the thione form prevails, known for its stability and resistance to oxidation. Its relatively low molecular weight (229) enhances its skin absorption, making it superior to Vitamin C in terms of mildness, versatility, and formula compatibility.
Illustrated are ergothioneine’s primary cellular protective effects: antioxidation, along with anti-UV radiation and anti-inflammatory properties. Ergothioneine operates by binding directly with the organic cation transporter novel type-1 (OCTN-1), facilitating its transport into cells and mitochondria where it actively scavenges free radicals.
The diagram shows the potential mechanisms linking ergothioneine to oxidative stress-related diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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